General Information on Harmful Algal Blooms and Phycotoxins

General / International

PHYCOTOXINS: Moderated mailing list; link to subscribe and search the archives

DIATOM-L: Mailing list

ALGAE-L: Mailing list; link to subscribe and search the archives

Dinoflagellate-L: Mailing list

IOC-HAB Programme: HAB programmes coordinated by the International Oceanographic Commission (IOC) of UNESCO; Paris, France

Harmful Algae Event Information System: IOC HAB data bases

Harmful Algal Bloom bibliographic database: Search for HAB references using the Aquatic Science and Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Bibliographic Database; IOC of UNESCO

Harmful Algae News: An IOC newsletter on HABs

ICES Working Group on HAB Dynamics: An IOC initiative; downloadable pdf files of past working group meetings

WHOI Red Tides: A comprehensive resource for information about harmful algal blooms; Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, USA

* National HAB Committee: The mission of the National HAB Committee (NHC) is to facilitate coordination and communication of activities for the U.S. HAB community at a national level;Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, USA

Marine Biotoxins: A comprehensive review of the biology, chemistry, analysis, regulations, rish assessment and monitoring of biotoxins, prepared by the FAO, in the book Marine Biotoxins, by H.P. Van Egmond et al. (2004). FAO Food and Nutrition Papers - 80, 295 pg. This is an HTML version, but it is also available as a zipped file of the 8 separate chapters as PDF files at this ftp site. Note: this review has pectenotoxins and yessotoxins incorrectly grouped with the DSP toxins, and the structure of DTX2 is incorrect.

GEOHAB: Global Ecology and Oceanography of Harmful Algal Blooms; with links to pdf files of GEOHAB programmes; NOAA

Overview of Harmful Algal Blooms: Information about HABs; Center for Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research (CSCOR); NOAA

HABSEA Portal: a gateway to HAB information in South-East Asian countries

IAEA Features: Harmful Algal Bloom: HAB news stories, compiled by the International Atomic Energy Agency

Manual on Harmful Marine Microalgae (2003): information on the revised version of the 1995 edition, by G.M. Hallegraeff, D.M. Anderson and A.D. Cembella

Shellfish Toxicity: eMedicine summary of the different biotoxin poisonings caused by consuming contaminated shellfish (by Thomas Arnold, MD)

Toxicon: An entire issue of the journal Toxicon, devoted to Toxins in Seafood, edited Richard J. Lewis and Mark Poli (review articles on PSP toxins, ciguatoxins, palytoxin, brevetoxin, yessotoxins, pectenotoxins, okadaic acid, azaspirdacids, domoic acid, scombroid poisoning, and phycotoxin biosynthesis)

ChemDraw templates containing algal and fungal toxins: National Veterinary Institute, Oslo, Norway. Available templates: Azaspiracids, Domoic Acids, Marine Toxins, OA & DTXs, Pectenotoxins, Penitrems, Pinnatoxins, Saxitoxins, Spirolides. Contact Chris Miles if you would like to suggest corrections or improvements to the templates

HAB Art Gallery: Wood carvings of HAB species, by Dr. Haruyoshi Takayama (Japan)

Algal Blooms: A network devoted to tracking and forecasting aquatic animal diseases; AquaHealth.net. Gives a compilation of current news articles. Note: "AquaticHealth.net is currently being moved to a shiny new server. We should be back within a few days. Thank you for your patience!" (September 28, 2012)

Marine and Freshwater Toxins: A website devoted to issues of toxin analysis, within the AOAC website

PDF files for download

* HAB PDF files for download: Available at the US National HAB Committee website, WHOI, Woods Hole, MA, USA. Some of these are also listed below.

GEOHAB Modelling: Linking Observations to Predictions - A Workshop Report. Edited by D.J. McGillicuddy, Jr., P.M. Glibert, E. Berdalet, C. Edwards, P. Franks, and O. Ross. IOC and SCOR, Paris and Newark, Delaware. 85 p. (2011) (4.8 MB)

Papers from the above workshop are published in a special issue of the Journal of Marine Systems

Global Ecology and Oceanography of Harmful Algal Blooms in Asia: A Regional Cooperative Programme; GEOHAB Report No. 6. Edited by K. Furuya, P.M. Glibert, M. Zhou, and R. Raine (2010)

Report of the Joint FAO/IOC/WHO ad hoc Expert Consultation on Biotoxins in Bivalve Molluscs: Oslo, Norway, 26–30 September 2004. This is a short summary of the report; PDF file of the full report

The Ecology and Oceanography of Harmful Algal Blooms: By D.M. Anderson, Y. Kaoru, and A.W. White (2005)

Estimated Annual Economic Impacts from Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) in the United States: By D.M. Anderson (2000); WHOI

Toxic Red Tides and Harmful Algal Blooms: A practical challenge in coastal oceanography, by D.M. Anderson (1995), Reviews of Geophysics, Supplement, Pages 1189-1200 (95RG00440)

Harmful Algal Research and Response: A Human Dimensions Strategy, by Bauer, M. (ed.) 2006; National Office for Marine Biotoxins and Harmful Algal Blooms, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, 58 pp.

Illnesses Caused by Marine Toxins: By J. Sobel and J. Painter; CDC, Atlanta, GA

What is a Harmful Algal Bloom?: By P. Tester; NOAA, Beaufort, NC

Harmful Algal Blooms in US Waters: Prepared by the National Science and Technology Council and the Committee on Environment and Natural Resources

Action Plan for Harmful Algal Blooms and the Gulf of Mexico Coastal Ocean Observing System: Results from a Regional Workshop. Held April 12–15, 2004, at the Florida Marine Research Institute, St. Petersburg, FL, USA. NOAA Coastal Services Center, Charleston, SC, USA

Harmful algal blooms: Their ecophysiology and general relevance to phytoplankton blooms in the sea, by T.J. Smayda; Limnol. Oceanogr. (1997) 42: 1137-1153

Monitoring and Management Strategies for Harmful Algal Blooms in Coastal Waters: Edited by D.M. Anderson, P. Andersen, V.M. Bricelj, J.J. Cullen, and J.E. Rensel. APEC Report # 201-MR-01.1, Asia Pacific Economic Programme, and Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO, Technical Series No. 59, Paris, France (2001) (10.2 MB)

Manual on Harmful Marine Microalgae (1995): a pdf file of the UNESCO SCOR 1995 manual. Note: this is a huge file (50 MB), because it includes all 546 pages. Updated version (2003): IOC Manual on Harmful Marine Microalgae

Microscopic and Molecular Methods for Quantitative Phytoplankton Analysis: Book edited by B. Karlson, C. Cusack and E. Bresnan, Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, Manuals and Guides, no. 55 (2010). A new manual on microscopic and molecular methods for quantitative phytoplankton analysis; complements the existing IOC Manual on Harmful Marine Microalgae published in 2003. PDF file of book (4 MB)

Marine Algal Toxins: Origins, Health Effects, and Their Increased Occurrence, by F.M. Van Dolah, Environ Health Perspectives 108(suppl 1): 133-141 (2000).

Harmful algal blooms in western Canadian coastal waters: PICES article by F.J.R. “Max” Taylor and Paul J. Harrison

Potentially Harmful Microalgae of the Western Indian Ocean: a guide based on a preliminary survey. IOC of UNESCO Manual and Guides 41 (2001), (2.7 MB)

Bad Bug Identifier - by Incubation Period: Identifies various phycotoxins (among other biotoxins, viruses and parasites), ranked by approximate time from ingestion to appearance of symptoms; also gives resulting illnesses, symptoms and main food sources

Harmful Algal Bloom Hunter's Manual: Classroom activities and experiments, toxic phytoplankton identification chart, glossary of terms, cruise jouirnal. NOAA, Northwest Fisheries Harmful Algal Program, Washington State, USA

The Beach Manager's Manual: HABs: A general guide for beachgoers to the Great Lakes. Illinois-Indiana Sea Grant, Michagan Sea Grant, USA (a PDF; 3.5 MB)

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Canada

Harmful Algal Blooms: General information, from Fisheries & Oceans Canada; St. Andrews Biological Station, NB

Shellfish harvesting closures, Gulf Region: Interactive map of shellfish closures due to biotoxins and sanitary contamination in the Gulf Region of Fisheries & Oceans Canada

Shellfish harvesting closures, Quebec: Interactive map of shellfish closures due to biotoxins and sanitary contamination in the Gulf of St. Lawrence; Environment Canada, Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Canadian Food Inspection Agency

Shellfish harvesting closures, Pacific Region: Interactive map of shellfish closures due to biotoxins and sanitary contamination in the Pacific Region of Fisheries & Oceans Canada

Shellfish Phycotoxins: Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Pacific Region, BC

Toxic phytoplankton: Monitoring stations; St. Lawrence Observatory (OSL) and Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Quebec Region

Control of Marine Biotoxins: Chapter 11 of the Canadian Shellfish Sanitation Program (CSSP) manual, with a link to a PDF file; Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA)

Certified Reference Materials Program: Biotoxin standards; Institute for Marine Biosciences (NRC), Halifax, NS

Red Tides: Nova Scotia Museum, Halifax, NS

USA

US Government Agencies

Harmful Algal Bloom Project: Links to other HAB resources (some links are dead); includes US federal and state government agencies, provided by the NOAA Coastal Services Center

Ecology and Oceanography of Harmful Algal Blooms (ECOHAB): A multi-agency partnership between NOAA's Center for Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research (CSCOR-lead), NOAA Office of Protected Resources, NOAA Sea Grant, the National Science Foundation, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, and the Office of Naval Research

ECOHAB Gulf of Maine: Ecology and Oceanography of Harmful Algal Blooms in the Gulf of Maine

ECOHAB Pacific Northwest: A multi-disciplinary project to study the physiology, toxicology, ecology and oceanography of toxic Pseudo-nitzschia species off the Pacific Northwest coast

Harmful Algae Digital Library: National Sea Grant Library of numerous downloadable HAB documents nationally

HARRNESS: Harmful Algal Research and Response National Environmental Science

Harmful Algal Blooms Observing System: A regional, web-based data and information dissemination tool; the website provides a secure data entry tool for collecting cell count observations of the algal species Karenia brevis

Monitoring and Event Response for Harmful Algal Blooms (MERHAB): Center for Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research (CSCOR); NOAA

HAB Response Program: Center for Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research (CSCOR); NOAA

HAB Prevention, Control and Mitigation (PCM): Center for Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research (CSCOR); NOAA

Harmful Algal Bloom Operational Forecasting System: Information on HAB detection and forecasting in the Gulf of Mexico; National Oceanographic Data Center (NOAA)

Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs): US Environmental Protection Agency

"Bad Bug Book" - Natural Toxins: US Food and Drug Administration

Harmful Algal Blooms: Information from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA

National Shellfish Sanitation Program: Guide for the Control of Molluscan Shellfish 2007; Section on Guidance for Developing Marine Biotoxin Contingency Plans

Oceans & Human Health: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS)

NOAA Center of Excellence for Great Lakes and Human Health (CEGLHH): Has a component on HABs of the Great Lakes; HAB Bulletins; HAB broshures (PDF files): HABs in the Great Lakes; HABs and Muck

Harmful Algal Blooms: Oceans and Human Health. General characteristics (toxins, distributions); Organisms (distributions, role of environment); Response (clay). A PDf file of a Powerpoint presentation

The Harmful Algal Bloom and Hypoxia Research and Control Act: The HABHRCA authorizes funding for research on HABS and hypoxia to advance scientific understanding and our ability to detect, assess, predict, control, and mitigate events

Listings by State

Maine

Toxic and Harmful Algal Blooms: General information, some directed to younger students; from the Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences and the University of Maine

Marine Biotoxin Monitoring Program: Red tide and shellfish sanitation status, and other red tide information; Maine Dept. of Marine Resources

Information on Red Tide Poisoning: Links to red tide news, alerts and other information; Maine Dept. of Health and Community Services

Maine Phytoplankton Monitoring Program: Citizen volunteer monitoring program for HABs in the Gulf of Maine

New Hampshire

Shellfish Program: Maps of open / closed harvesting areas; New Hampshire Dept. of Environmental Services

Red tide FAQs: New Hampshire Dept. of Environmental Services

Red Tide Resource Center: Offers information to the public and the media, answers common questions, and quells fears about red tide. New Hampshire Fish and Game Department

Massachusetts

Red Tides: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution; Woods Hole, MA

Symposia on Harmful Algae in the U.S.: organized by the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution; Woods Hole, MA

Harmful Algal Blooms in the U.S.: WHOI Sea Grant Program; list of grants awarded (click)

Red Tides: Toxic "Red Tide" Populations in the Western Gulf of Maine: Sources, Transport, and Nutrient Environment. Regional Marine Research Program for the Gulf of Maine

HAB monitoring: Information on biotoxin closures and monitoring; Massachusetts Dept. of Fish & Game

New York

Shellfishing: Information about shellfish closures and safety; New York Dept. of Environmental Conservation

New Jersey

Marine Water Monitoring: Seafood Safety - National Shellfish Sanitation Program; Shellfish growing area reports, phytoplankton monitoring; New Jersey Dept. of Environmental Protection

Brown Tide Assessment: Reports on Aureococcus anophagefferens; New Jersey Dept. of Environmental Protection

Brown Tide Monitoring: Maintained by the Grant F. Walton Center for Remote Sensing and Spatial Analysis (CRSSA), Cook College, Rutgers University

HABs in Coastal Waters of New Jersey: PDF file; by P.D. Gastrich; NJ Dept. of Environmental Protection

Maryland

Harmful Algae Blooms in Maryland: Maryland Department of Natural Resources

Mapping harmful algal blooms in the Chesapeake Bay: Maps and information about HAB; various government agencies and the University of Maryland

Harmful Algal Blooms: HAB research by the Horn Point Laboratory, on Chesapeake Bay, including Pat Glibert; University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science

Eyes on the Bay: Water quality monitoring for the Chesapeake Bay; Maryland Dept. of Natural Resources

Shellfish harvesting: Information on harvesting closures; Maryland Dept. of the Environment

Delaware

Pfiesteria Pamphlet: Information about Pfiesteria; Delaware Dept. of Natural Resources & Environmental Control

Virginia

Virginia Harmful Algal Bloom Task Force: HAB information hotline; Virginia Dept. of Environmental Quality

Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs): Virginia Dept. of Health

Harmful Algal Bloom Response Plan: Commonwealth of Virginia; PDF file

North Carolina

Fish Kill Event Update: Reports of fish kill events; North Carolina Dept. of Natural Resources

Shellfish Closures: Closure notices; North Carolina Dept. of Natural Resources

South Carolina

Harmful Algal Blooms and Analytical Response: General information, from NOAA’s National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS), Charleston, SC

Phytoplankton Monitoring Network (PMN): Volunteer program to monitor for toxic algae; NOAA, Charleston, SC

Marine Biotoxins Program: NOAA Charleston, SC

Shellfish Monitoring Program: Information on shellfish monitoring and closures; South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control

Kentucky

Fish and Shellfish Poisoning: University of Kentucky, Lexington

Ohio

Algae Advisory Update: Cyanobacteria / blue-green algae description and current advisory levels for state owned bodies of water. Ohio Dept. of Natural Resources

Kansas

Blue-green Algae in Kansas: Information on blue-green algae, from the Kansas Department of Health and Environment.

Wisconson

GLEON Harmful Algal Bloom Working Group Resource: University of Wisconsin-Madison and the Global Lake Ecological Observatory Network (GLEON); information about freshwater HSBs, the cyanobacteria that create them, and the toxins they can produce, with an emphasis on inland lakes

Wisconsin Harmful Algal Bloom Stakeholder Workshop: PDF file of a Powerpoint presentation; NOAA Center of Excellence for Great Lakes and Human Health & University of Wisconsin Sea Grant Institute

Florida

Red Tides and Harmful Algal Blooms: Florida Fish and Wildlife Commission, Tallahassee

Red Tide: Information on HABs and shellfish closures; Florida Dept. of Aquaculture and Consumer services

Florida Red Tide FAQs: Mote Marine Laboratory, Sarasota

S.T.A.R.T.: Solutions To Avoid Red Tide

Florida’s Harmful Algal Bloom Task Force: History and Focus: PDF file, by K.A. Steidinger, Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Florida Marine Research Institute

Gulf of Mexico

Harmful Algal Blooms: GulfBase is a database of resources about the Gulf of Mexico

Harmful Algal Bloom Resources: The Gulf of Mexico Regional Collaborative (GoMRC)

Harmful Algal Bloom Operational Forecasting System: Information on HAB detection and forecasting in the Gulf of Mexico; National Oceanographic Data Center (NOAA)

Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs): Gulf of Mexico Program; US Environmental Protection Agency

Mississippi

Oyster hotline: Mississippi Department of Marine Resources

Texas

Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs): Texas Parks and Wildlife Department

Texas HAB Monitoring Efforts: PDF file; Texas A&M University

California

Southern California Coastal Ocean Observing System (CCOOS): The Harmful Algae and Red Tide Regional Monitoring Program collects HAB species and related oceanographic data at six piers in Southern California, and provides graphs of species abundance, plus other HAB information.

Preharvest Shellfish Protection and Marine Biotoxin Monitoring Program: California Dept. of Public Health

Harmful Algal Bloom Research: Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI), Moss Landing

Environmental Sample Processor (ESP): Detecting HAB organisms using buoy and molecular probe technology; Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI); Moss Landing

The Regional Workshop for HABs in California Coastal Waters: PDF file of the April 2-3, 2008 Proceedings; NOAA, California Ocean Science Trust, Southern California Coastal Water Research Project

Oregon

Shellfish Safety: Information on closures due to ASP and PSP toxins, monitoring program, biotoxin results; Oregon Dept. of Agriculture

Harmful Algae Bloom Surveillance: blue-green algae; Oregon Dept. of Human Services

Biotoxins in Razor Clams: Recreational Shellfish Project; descriptions of domoic acid and PSP toxins in razor clams, and links to sampling, testing and related information; Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife

Expanded Monitoring Program: NOAA and partners expand monitoring program to provide an early warning of HAB events in Oregon

Washington

Marine Biotoxins and HABs: Northwest Fisheries Science Center, NOAA, Seattle

Biotoxin Program: Monitoring for ASP and PSP toxins, Hotline; Washington State Dept. of Health

Recreational Shellfish Closures due to Biotoxins: Interactive maps of coastal areas that are closed; Washington State Dept. of Health

Domoic acid levels in razor clams: Washington Dept. of Fish and Wildlife

Harmful Algal Blooms: Washington Sea Grant HAB research goals

ORHAB Partnership: Olympic Region Harmful Algal Bloom research program

Alaska

Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning: Information about harvesting closures and PSP toxins in Geoducks, king crab, Dungeness crab, and Tanner crab; State of Alaska Dept. of Environmental Conservation; Food & Safety Program

Central America

Mexico

Marea Roja: General information on Red Tides, with links to detailed information on: the types of biotoxins, characterists of each of the HAB toxins, medical symptoms of biotoxin poisonings, previous HAB incidents, emergency measures taken in the event of a toxic HAB, and the biotoxin reference laboratory. Compiled by The Federal Commission for the Protection Against Sanitary Risk (COFEPRIS), a decentralized organ of the Department of Health.

Florecimientos Algales (FAN): General information about Harmful Algal Blooms in Mexican waters, and monitoring programs.

South America

Brazil

Algas Nocivas: Description of HAB activities in Brazil.

National Legislation Concerning Biotoxins: The Brazilian Government, through its ministry offices from Fisheries and Aquaculture and Agriculture, has published a national legislation concerning biotoxins. The document includes syndromes PSP, DSP/OA, DSP/YTX, ASP and AZP, and also sets procedures for toxin monitoring. Levels and assay methods are harmonized with those of most other countries that conduct monitoring programs. The action also established the National Official Laboratory for Biotoxin Analysis, which will be established at the Instituto Federal de Santa Catarina, at Itajaí and will serve as reference laboratory in the country.

Europe

European Union Reference Laboratory for Marine Biotoxins: To coordinate and advise the European and national networks in the identification of toxins and their control. To lead the development and roll-out of new methods of marine toxin detection in molluscs, and in the identification of new toxins that may be the cause of health problems. To advise the DG SANCO (European Commission) to develop the necessary legislation that adapts to technical demands of toxin control.

European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) advice on marine biotoxins: Scientific opinion given by the EFSA on a European Union request to assess the current EU regulations for six biotoxins (okadaic acid, azaspiracid, yessotoxin, saxitoxin, pectenotoxin and domoic acid groups) and the testing methods established in EU legislation. Briefly reviews each biotoxin and gives knowledge-gaps. PDF files of the Summary and of the Opinion.

Harmful Algae Event Database (HADAT): a meta database containing records of harmful algal events; IOC of UNESCO, ICES, PICES, ISSHA

Maps of HAB events in Western Europe and North America: Data collected by the ICES Working Group on Harmful Algal Bloom Dynamics (WGHABD); Catherine Belin, Ifremer

EUROHAB: the European Initiative on Harmful Algal Blooms

Harmful Algal Blooms Expert System: HABES provides an expert system and knowledge base on HABs; part of the EU Fifth Framework Programme

Phytoplankton algae in transitional and coastal waters: Link to report on trends in HABs in European waters; European Environment Agency

PLANKTON*NET: A general plankton site, but contains many images of harmful algae from different geographical regions; funded by the Sixth Framework Programme of the EU

LIFEHAB: Life history of microalgal species causing harmful blooms; link to pdf file (8 MB) of the conference publication

Irish Shellfish Biotoxin Monitoring Programme: Information on the biotoxin status of shellfish production areas in Ireland; Food Safety Authority of Ireland

HABS Results Database: Access to reports on biotoxin results under the National Biotoxin Monitoring Programme in Ireland, for toxic phytoplankton, DSP, PSP, ASP and AZP analyses

HAB Communities in Scottish Coastal Waters: A review of literature on the nature and origins of HABs in Scotland, and their relationship to fish farming, by T.J. Smayda (2004); also as a pdf file (1.9 MB); the Scottish Government

A decade monitoring toxic phytoplankton in Scottish waters: A PDF file of a poster by Eileen Bresnan, Elizabeth Turrell and Sheila Fraser, August 28, 2006; FRS Marine Laboratory, Aberdeen, Scotland

Warning of Algal Toxin Events to Support Aquaculture: A PDF file describing tools being used or developed, including solid-phase adsorption toxin tracking (SPATT) and modelling, to provide an early warning of biotoxin events, for the Scottish shellfish aquaculture industry; marinescotland Topic Sheet no. 24, The Scottish Government, Marine Laboratory, Aberdeen, Scotland

UK Harmful Phytoplankton: The user-friendly guide to harmful phytoplankton in UK waters; University of Liverpool

Harmful Algal Bloom (H. A. B.) Toxin Analysis Service: Offers a service that enables customers to demonstrate due diligence, properly documented, in regard to the safety of their products and services: A low cost monitoring service to assist with forward planning & risk assessment of biotoxins. PRAGMATECH SCIENCE LTD, UK.

The French Phytoplankton and Phycotoxin Monitoring Network: REPHY, Ifremer, France

DETAL: Detection of toxic algae using molecular probes; Banyuls-sur-Mer, France

RED IBérica de ALgas nocivas y biotoxinas: Iberian network on harmful algae and biotoxins; in Spanish, Portuguese and English

Ecology and Evolution of Plankton: Includes HAB species research on phylogeny and speciation, life cycles, and ecology and diversity of Mediterranean microalgae; Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn di Napol, Naples, Italy

Marine Plankton Ecology: HAB research projects at Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden

China

China Harmful Algal Bloom Webpages: Information on occurrences, species, research

Hong Kong Red Tide Information Network: provides an update of the latest red tide occurrences in Hong Kong waters

Australia

Australian Regional Network for Algal Toxins (ARNAT): Information on HAB research in Australian waters; Australian Institute of Marine Sciences. Please contact us if you know the new URL for ARNAT

Responding to harmful algal blooms in coastal waters: Description of responsibilities and of contingency plans in the event of HABs; Queensland Government

Queensland Harmful Algal Bloom Operational Procedures: PDF file; Queensland Government, February 2004 (Version 2)

Marine Biotoxins: A summary of biotoxins found in Australian waters; their medical symptoms and treatment. Department of Fisheries, Western Australia, Fish for the Future

New Zealand

Harmful Algal Bloom Research: HAB program at Cawthron Institute, Nelson, New Zealand

Cawthron Institute Culture Collection of Micro-algae Catalogue of Strains: Contains many harmful and toxic strains

A Review of the Marine Biotoxin Monitoring Programme for Non-Commercially Harvested Shellfish: Link to New Zealand Ministry of Health pdf file (2.0 MB; 241 p.); December 2000

South Africa

Red Tides and Shellfish Poisoning: South Africa

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